What happens if the brain stem is severed? The brain-stem can become compressed due to swelling, leading to hemorrhaging and stroke. This may result in speech impairment, breathing difficulties, including sleep apnea and difficulty swallowing.
In acute cases, there may be personality changes and memory loss. What does the medulla oblongata control? The medulla oblongata, also known as the medulla, directly controls certain ANS responses, such as heart rate, breathing, blood vessel dilation, digestion, sneezing, swallowing and vomiting.
It is a portion of the brainstem, located just below the pons and just above the spinal cord. What behaviors would be affected if the cerebellum was damaged? Damage to the cerebellum can lead to: 1 loss of coordination of motor movement asynergia , 2 the inability to judge distance and when to stop dysmetria , 3 the inability to perform rapid alternating movements adiadochokinesia , 4 movement tremors intention tremor , 5 staggering, wide based walking ataxic gait.
Is damage to the medulla fatal? An injury to the medulla oblongata is typically fatal, as it is considered to be the most important part of the brain. What happens when the hindbrain is damaged? The Hindbrain The pons affects activities such as sleeping, waking, and dreaming. The cerebellum controls balance and coordination of movement. Damage to the cerebellum impairs fine motor skills, so a person with an injury in this area would have trouble playing the guitar or typing a term paper.
Can a person who is brain dead open their eyes? A person who is brain dead is dead, with no chance of revival. Coma: A state of profound unresponsiveness as a result of severe illness or brain injury.
The temporal lobe processes auditory information, encodes memories and is an interpretive area for the integration of visual, auditory and somatic information QLD DoH The thalamus receives sensory information from all of the sensory systems except smell and passes it on to the relevant primary cortical area. Additionally, it helps regulate levels of alertness and consciousness. Damage to the thalamus can result in a permanent coma Lumen The pons , midbrain and medulla oblongata make up the brain stem, which controls primitive functions such as respiration, heart rate, blood pressure and sleeping Caswell The pons bridges different parts of the nervous system together and regulates respiration.
Many important nerves originate in the pons Healthline The midbrain is associated with auditory and visual processing and motor movements, particularly of the eyes Encyclopedia Britannica The medulla oblongata connects the brain to the spinal cord, with most sensory and motor fibres either crossing into the brain or finishing at this level Yetman The cerebellum is responsible for the coordination of movement and controls balance, posture, and muscle tone QLD DoH It is also important to note that for some brain injuries, secondary injuries will also occur as well as a result of the swelling and homeostatic response to the initial injury Synapse Caring for someone following a brain injury will be dependent on the injury and subsequent deficits, and often involves rehabilitation from a multidisciplinary team.
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We and our partners process data to: Actively scan device characteristics for identification. I Accept Show Purposes. How Stroke Is Diagnosed. How Stroke Is Treated. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Sign Up. What are your concerns? Autonomic hyperreflexia is a serious condition and needs to be treated right away. Prevention and looking for signs are very important. Stroke, heart attack, or seizures can happen if this is not treated.
This is a condition that may happen throughout the rest of your life. A DVT is a blood clot that can develop in the legs and arms. It is often caused by a lack of movement.
A blood thinning medicine may be used, or a filter may be placed in a blood vessel. Regular exercise of the arms and legs, and turning will be done to help prevent DVTs from forming. Sometimes after an SCI, the stomach and intestine will stop working for a short time. This is called an ileus.
Even though the stomach may not be working, it still makes acid. The acid may damage the stomach lining and cause stomach ulcers if it is not removed. A nasogastric NG tube may be placed through the nose into the stomach. This tube will be used to help remove stomach acids.
Medicines may also be given to help prevent stomach ulcers. Higher cervical injuries may make it harder to swallow. If this happens, an NG tube may be needed for nutrition and medicines. The tube is placed through the nose into the stomach. Liquid formula will be given either continuously or several times a day. The hospital dietitian helps the health care team choose a formula based on your calorie and fluid needs. If long term tube feeding is needed, a gastric tube G-tube or PEG tube may be placed surgically through the wall of the abdomen into the stomach.
Changes in bowel control may happen after an injury. A person may have constipation or diarrhea. A bowel training program including diet, medicines, and digital stimulation may be used. Digital stimulation means to touch inside the rectum to help the bowels move. Developing a bowel training program takes time, but it can be successful. SCI may also cause the messages between your bladder and brain to be changed. Normally, when the bladder gets full, nerves in the bladder send a message up the spinal cord to the brain signaling the need to urinate pee.
The message to the brain may be lost after an injury. There is also no bladder tone when spinal shock is present. At first after a SCI, a urinary catheter will be placed to drain the bladder. As the body starts to adjust to the injury, the catheter will be taken out.
Nurses will check the bladder volume. If it is full, a catheter will be put in to drain the urine and then the catheter will be taken out. Over time, a bladder training plan will be started.
Bladder tone may or may not come back depending on the level of your SCI.
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