Its commitment strength to protect priority forests is also low for all commodities. Korindo group is an Indonesian-based producer, processor, and manufacturer of various products, including wind towers, battery separators, specialised container vehicles, and cast iron products.
It has plantations of palm oil and timber. A two-year investigation process by the International Board of Directors of the Forest Stewardship Council FSC , a global certification body on responsible forest management found the company guilty of violating its association policies.
The investigation also found that the company destroys critical wildlife habitats and violates traditional and human rights. This is the Japanese manufacturer of the popular probiotic milk drink Yakult.
It also produces a variety of other food and beverage products, as well as pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Through its various product lines, Yakult is exposed to forest risk commodity palm oil, soy, and pulp and paper. In , it committed to ending deforestation by but it has since dropped that commitment. In , Starbucks was ranked as the largest chain of coffee shops in the world by the number of stores; in , it had over 24 outlets in 70 countries.
Starbucks also sells teas, bottled drinks, baked goods, snacks, and other food. Its products and packaging expose the company to various forest risk commodities such as palm oil, soy, beef, and paper. On the Forest index, it performs very poorly for palm oil, soy, and pulp and paper, but especially soy, where its commitment strength, reporting and monitoring, and social consideration scores are abysmal.
A Wall Street Journal investigation found human rights abuses on plantations in Malaysia. Its burgers, sandwiches, sides, and beverages involve significant amounts of beef, soy, and palm oil, as well as paper in packaging. The fast-food restaurant gets its soy from Cargill, one of the most renowned deforestation companies. Wherever possible, the countries in which they operate should mandate that they either source their products in an ethical and sustainable way, or move their production somewhere else.
If every country were to take this hard a stance, these unethical companies would soon have nowhere to go. As those gases enter the atmosphere, global warming increases, a trend scientists now prefer to call climate change. Tropical tree cover alone can provide 23 percent of the climate mitigation needed over the next decade to meet goals set in the Paris Agreement in , according to one estimate.
An iceberg melts in the waters off Antarctica. Climate change has accelerated the rate of ice loss across the continent.
Farming, grazing of livestock, mining, and drilling combined account for more than half of all deforestation. Forestry practices, wildfires and, in small part, urbanization account for the rest. In Malaysia and Indonesia, forests are cut down to make way for producing palm oil , which can be found in everything from shampoo to saltines.
In the Amazon, cattle ranching and farms—particularly soy plantations—are key culprits. Loggers, some of them acting illegally , also build roads to access more and more remote forests—which leads to further deforestation. Forests are also cut as a result of growing urban sprawl as land is developed for homes. Not all deforestation is intentional. Some is caused by a combination of human and natural factors like wildfires and overgrazing, which may prevent the growth of young trees.
Deforestation affects the people and animals where trees are cut, as well as the wider world. That disruption leads to more extreme temperature swings that can be harmful to plants and animals. Yet the effects of deforestation reach much farther. The South American rainforest, for example, influences regional and perhaps even global water cycles, and it's key to the water supply in Brazilian cities and neighboring countries. The Amazon actually helps furnish water to some of the soy farmers and beef ranchers who are clearing the forest.
In terms of climate change, cutting trees both adds carbon dioxide to the air and removes the ability to absorb existing carbon dioxide. If tropical deforestation were a country, according to the World Resources Institute , it would rank third in carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions, behind China and the U.
The numbers are grim, but many conservationists see reasons for hope. A movement is under way to preserve existing forest ecosystems and restore lost tree cover. Organizations and activists are working to fight illegal mining and logging—National Geographic Explorer Topher White, for example, has come up with a way to use recycled cell phones to monitor for chainsaws.
In Tanzania, the residents of Kokota have planted more than 2 million trees on their small island over a decade, aiming to repair previous damage. These include heavily logged rainforests, forests on peat soils, or where forest fires have been suppressed for years allowing unnatural accumulation of vegetation that makes the fire burn more intensely.
The resulting loss has wide-reaching consequences on biodiversity, climate, and the economy. Illegal and unsustainable logging : Illegal logging occurs in all types of forests across all continents — from Brazil to Indonesia — destroying nature and wildlife, taking away community livelihoods and distorting trade. Illegally harvested wood finds its way into major consumption markets, such as the U. Fuelwood harvesting : Over-harvesting for domestic use or for commercial trade in charcoal significantly damages forests.
Mining : The impact of mining on tropical forests is growing due to rising demand and high mineral prices. Mining projects are often accompanied by major infrastructure construction, such as roads, railway lines and power stations, putting further pressure on forests and freshwater ecosystems. Climate change : Forest loss is both a cause and an effect of our changing climate. Climate change can damage forests, for instance by drying out tropical rainforests and increasing fire damage in boreal forests.
Inside forests, climate change is already harming biodiversity, a threat that is likely to increase.
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